A single toggle jaw crusher is a mechanical device extensively used in the mining and construction industries for crushing various materials into smaller pieces. This type of crusher operates by applying compressive force between the moving and stationary jaw plates. In this article, we will delve into the essential parts of a single toggle jaw crusher and explore how each component contributes to the overall functionality of the machine.
Jaw Plates
The jaw plates are the main components of a single toggle jaw crusher. These two plates, one fixed and the other movable, form the crushing chamber where the raw material is crushed. The fixed jaw plate is secured to the frame of the crusher, while the movable jaw plate is attached to the swinging arm or the pitman. As the eccentric shaft rotates, the movement of the pitman causes the movable jaw to move back and forth, crushing the material against the fixed jaw plate.
Eccentric Shaft
The eccentric shaft is a critical part of the single toggle jaw crusher. It is a forged alloy steel shaft that transmits rotational motion to the movable jaw through the pitman. The eccentric motion of the shaft causes the swing jaw to move in a reciprocating motion, allowing the crushing of materials.
Pitman
The pitman is a robust, heavy-duty component that connects the eccentric shaft to the movable jaw. It plays a crucial role in converting the rotary motion of the eccentric shaft into a reciprocating motion of the movable jaw. Proper design and construction of the pitman are essential to ensure the crusher’s reliability and durability.
Toggle Plate
The toggle plate is a small but vital component that acts as a safety device for the crusher. It connects the swing jaw and the main frame, providing a controlled movement during the crushing process. In the event of an overload or an uncrushable material entering the crushing chamber, the toggle plate breaks, preventing damage to the crusher and its components.
Flywheel
The flywheel is a heavy, balanced wheel attached to the eccentric shaft. Its primary function is to store energy and maintain the uniform motion of the jaw during the crushing cycle. The flywheel also assists in reducing power fluctuations and increases the crushing capacity of the machine.
Bearings
Bearings play a pivotal role in ensuring the smooth operation of the single toggle jaw crusher. High-quality and properly lubricated bearings reduce friction, minimize heat generation, and contribute to the longevity of the machine. Commonly used bearings in jaw crushers are spherical roller bearings or double row self-aligning roller bearings.
Adjustment Mechanism
The adjustment mechanism allows users to regulate the size of the crushed material by adjusting the discharge setting of the crusher. The setting is controlled through the positioning of the toggle plate. By altering the angle between the toggle plate and the swing jaw, users can control the size of the crushed material.